metcalfe and wiebe 1987 hypothesis of metcalfe and wiebe 1987 = particiapnts working on an insight problem should not be very good at predicting how near they are to a solution whereas participants working on a nonishgt problem would be more likely to know when they are getting clother to the solution Once they created an object they were given the name of an object category and instructed to interpret their creation as a practical object or device within that category. ______ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific charac. experts and novices.b. Warmth judgments on nearness to a solution ______ prior to the solution of an insight problem and ______ prior to the solution of a non-insight problem. analogiesb. /Type /Font Sales of their calcium-enhanced OJ have been poor, and the product was cancelled. object with a specific function. Being an expert in one field can transfer to better problem solving in another field, Take a more effective approach to organizing the solution to a problem. Introducing Cram Folders! Noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection. Convergent thinkinga. They found the ____ version to be more effective, because it had ____ features in common with the radiation problem.a. divergent thinking.d. Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. >> In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. Psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem because: Ill-defined problems are so named because it is difficult to specify ________ for the problems. a. Likening the dangerous mines to the dangerous tumor, b. The Tower of Hanoi problem is an example of a(n) ____ problem that has been analyzed using the ____ approach.a. as a school of thought in Germany, about the same time, Studied chimpanzee behavior on the island of Tenerife of the Canary Islands off Africas. unknotted, Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem?a. low-pressureb. ] Metcalfe and Wiebe /Subtype /Type1 Holly's ability to solve the "dish up the soup" problem was hindered by which of the following obstacles? Demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems /F10 12 0 R Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. d. tendency to detect when others are cheating. Which of the following provides the best example of functional fixedness? well-definedc. Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. emotional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n). /Type /Font To test this hypothesis, Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants insight problems, like the ones in the demonstration below, and noninsight problems and had them make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds, as they were working on the problems. /Name /F2 a. seeing more efficient solutions to the problem. This is an example of. which people can be considered more creative in ability to solve problems.c. Intermediate states can be created bya. Amber take. b. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem for aliens. 11 0 obj 17 0 obj <> endobj a. spend less time analyzing problems, b. are better at reasoning in general, c. are more likely to be open to new ways of looking at problems, d. take a more effective approach to organizing the solution to a problem. source; targetb. Most people do not consider these offers and do not make a change to the plans or services that they receive because they do not want to make a decision that requires serious consideration or thought. >> event-specific knowledge. 7. Tower of Hanoi problemb. a. demonstrate a difference between how people experience solving insight and non-insight problems. surface and deep structures.d. The purpose of this experiment was to, Ann takes the street to the south when heading southbound to work, but that street is closed for repairs. endobj Participants in the ______ group had the fastest response time. With the cartons, Ali made several bird feeders for his backyard and also planted tree seedlings in some of them; he used the remaining ones to build a "fort" for his four-year-old son. << people arrive at the solution to an insight problem suddenly, but proceed more methodically t. The way the problem is represented can influence the ease of problem solving. Seagull Edition, ISBN 9780393614176; Chapter 1 Notes; Criminology Notes Ch 1; ECO 201 - Chapter 1 Notes; TB-Chapter 16 Ears - These are test bank questions that I paid for. a. how similar the objects in the problem are. d. well- and ill-defined problems. means-end analysisb. In the movie Apollo 13, astronauts aboard a damaged spacecraft have to build a carbon dioxide filter out of random items that are aboard the ship with them. the box is empty.d. The "creative cognition" approach that Finke used to get people to "invent" useful objects, is an example of, PFC-damaged patients have trouble with reading comprehension tasks. well-defining, insighting, and m. People are most successful at noticing an analogous relationship between problems if they focus ona. Experts often organize problems differently than novices, based on principles. Bonnie has ordered her monthly supply of medicines through the mail for the past five years. /degree/plusminus/twosuperior/threesuperior/acute/mu/paragraph/periodcentered << exemplard. The purpose of the experiment was to; Answer show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. Divergent thinking is defined as an idea generating process wherein an i Divergent thinking, exploring many solutions in a creative way, was used in the classroom. the problem space. b. move the solver directly from the initial state to the goal state. The purpose of this experiment was to . ____ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific characteristic of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving.a. Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? restructuring initial states.b. /Encoding 16 0 R By using a(n)_________ , a country could increase the percentage of individuals agreeing to be organ donors dramatically. /ProcSet 15 0 R insufficient-intensi, Gentner and coworkers' studies show that analogical encoding causes problem solvers to pay attention to ____ features that ____ their ability to solve other problems.a. Experts possess more knowledge about their fields than novices.b. >> This is an example of an, 18. think-aloud p, The text's discussion of the research on in-vivo problem solving highlighted that ____ play(s) an important role in solving scientific problems.a. This is an example of the bias. does have a clear identifiable solution. psychologists would NOT classify this scenario as a problem bc: ill-defined problems are so named bc it is difficult to specify ______ for the problems. c. how to develop computer programs that best mimic human problem solving. The key to the solution is to overcome functional fixedness. After the street to the south is re-opened, she continues to take the street to the north, even though it is a slightly longer route. 35. are more likely to be open to new ways of looking at problemsd. A _____ string led to a restructured representation in the two-string problem.a. In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated checkerboard problem. << /Type /Font The purpose of the experiment was to; demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. /BaseFont /Helvetica-Bold the role of insight in creativity.c. /Type /Font present one sample design for a brief period.c. /Type /Font Some were measures of a kind of interpretive problem called "divergent thinking," or the capacity to concoct many responses to a problem. a. outcomes that achieve a person's goals. The purpose of the experiment was to; a. show how people progress through the problem space as they solve a problem. << take a more effective approach to a problem, Take a more effective approach to a problem, In its discussion of expertise and problem solving, your text identifies the kind of scientists who are most likely to make revolutionary discoveries in their fields. Divergent thinking is most closely associated with ____ problems.a. Developing schemas for each individual problem, c. Connecting the fortress with the tumor, d. Generalizing from groups of soldiers to aliens arriving to help fight. /Subtype /Type1 Metcalfe and Wiebe gave participants problems to solve and asked them to make "warmth" judgments every 15 seconds to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. 14 0 obj 3 0 obj /MediaBox [ 0 0 610 789 ] ______ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific charac. /Name /F3 seeing more efficient solutions to the problem.b. This particular discussion suggests that _____ may be more important than _____ in creat. goal state.c. a. do not always make decisions that maximize their monetary outcome. The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate a difference between how people solve insight and non-insight problems. However, a limitation of this and other classical paradigms for studying insightful and non-insightful problem solving is related to the fact that they use two different His task sets. d. mental sets. 8. noticing that there is an analogous relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a connection. well-defined; information processing. Which problem provides an example of how functional fixedness can hinder solution of a problem? design fixation.b. <> /Encoding 16 0 R The sudden realization of a problem's solution. /egrave/eacute/ecircumflex/edieresis/igrave/iacute/icircumflex/idieresis The radiation problem can be solved usinga. >> To solve this problem, participants needed to tie the pliers to one of the strings to create a . surface; diminishb. >> The students were very creative. The purpose of this experiment was to ( Multiple Choice) Question 19 Amber lives in a housing development between two parallel streets that both connect to a freeway. /Encoding 16 0 R The medium acrobat is on the left of the large a. /Type /Catalog high-pressurec. Functional fixedness would be LOWEST for a(n) _______ identified people's tendency to focus on a specific characteristic of a problem that keeps them from arriving at a solution as a major obstacle to successful problem solving. 2. The purpose of this experiment was to. creative cognition.c. 40. a. convergent thinking.b. to indicate how close they felt they were to a solution. surfacing, structuring, and generalizing.d. well- and ill-defined problems. /F4 6 0 R continuity and form. The radiation problem was used in your text to illustrate the role of ____ in problem solving.